Saudi Arabia weather is defined by a desert climate, with the exception of the province of Asir.  It is extremely hot during the day, the temperature suddenly drops at night, and there are light and irregular rainfall intervals. Temperature and humidity fluctuate a lot due to the influence of a subtropical high-pressure system and the elevation variety.  Saudi Arabia weather is extremely different between coast and inland.

The desert temperature is moderated by the sea, along the coast of the Red Sea and the Persian Gulf.  Saudi Arabia weather is quite hot, however, the temperature will rarely exceed 38° C.  Humidity is usually more than 85% and frequently 100% for long periods. That is the reason behind the hot mist during daytime and warm fog at night.  Prevailing winds from the north offer relief from the heat along the coastal areas. When however southerly winds, kauf, blow they bring an increase in temperature and humidity.  A strong northwesterly wind, the shamal, blows during late spring and early summer and produces sandstorms and dust storms that can seriously decrease visibility.

In Najd, Al Qasim Province and the great deserts, the average summer temperature is 45° C, which often reaches 54 C. It becomes extremely hot immediately after sunrise; however it becomes comparatively cool after sunset.   In winter, the temperature rarely drops below 0° C.  Due to the lack of humidity, Saudi Arabia weather is very cold during this season.  During spring and autumn, temperatures average 29° C.

The province of Asir is mainly affected by the Indian Ocean monsoons, which occur between October and March.  Most of the precipitation occurs during this period, as an average of 300 mm of rain falls.  The rest of the country receives little precipitation which comes in small quantities each time.

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